TL;DR
Flood and Drain (also known as ebb and flow) is a hydroponic growing method where plants are periodically flooded with nutrient solution and then drained back into a reservoir. This cycle provides roots with nutrients, oxygen, and moisture in a controlled and repeatable way.
Flood and Drain systems use grow trays or tables connected to a nutrient reservoir. At set intervals, the tray is flooded with nutrient solution, allowing plants to absorb water and nutrients before the solution drains back into the reservoir.
The draining phase reintroduces oxygen to the root zone, supporting healthy root development and stable plant growth.
Controlled feeding cycles: Nutrients are delivered on a timed schedule
Good oxygenation: Roots receive fresh air between flood cycles
Flexible media options: Suitable for clay pebbles, rockwool, and other substrates
Efficient nutrient reuse: Solution is recirculated back to the reservoir
Scalable systems: Available for small grows and larger tray or table setu